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A brief review of microRNA and its role in PRRSV infection and replication

Xuekun GUO,Wenhai FENG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 114-120 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014022

Abstract: shown to be capable of modulating PRRSV infection and replication by multiple ways such as targeting viralgenomic RNA, targeting viral receptor and inducing antiviral response.PRRSV infection and propose that cellular microRNAs may have a substantial effect on cell or tissue tropism

Keywords： porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)     microRNA     antiviral     viral tropism    

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Understanding channel tropism in traditional Chinese medicine in the context of systems biology

Ping Liu, Songlin Liu, Gang Chen, Ping Wang

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 277-279 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0273-3

Abstract:

Channel tropism is investigated and developed through long-term clinical practice.In recent years, the development of channel tropism theory has attracted increasing attention.This study analyzed channel tropism theory and the problems associated with it.Systems biology could provide novel insights and platform in the study of channel tropism.Some problems in channel tropism theory, including pharmacology and action mechanism, were investigated

Keywords： systems biology     channel tropism theory     traditional Chinese medicine     application    

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Innate immune responses in RNA viral infection

Qian Xu, Yuting Tang, Gang Huang

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 333-346 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0776-7

Abstract: Upon viral invasion, the innate immune system responds rapidly and plays a key role in activating theIn this review, the current understanding of innate immunity contributing to the restriction of RNA viralBesides the main role of immune cells in combating viral infection, the intercellular transfer of pathogenThis knowledge provides an enhanced understanding of the innate immune response to RNA viral infectionsin general and aids in the preparation for the existing and next emerging viral infections.

Keywords： innate immune     viral infection     intercellular signaling     metabolic changes     epigenetic changes    

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Analysis of antibiotic usage for viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Chang Dou, Fei Zhou, Bin Cao, Xingwang Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1,   Pages 139-143 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0736-2

Abstract: The rationale for the antibiotic treatment of viral community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults wasClinical data from 166 patients diagnosed with viral pneumonia across 14 hospitals in Beijing from NovemberA total of 163 (98.3%) patients with viral pneumonia were treated with antibiotics.A total of 39 of the 163 (23.9%) patients did not meet the guidelines for drug selection for viral CAPThe unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of viral CAP in adults is a serious concern

Keywords： adult     antibiotic     viral pneumonia    

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Correlation between viral load and liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients

Lili LIU MM , Jiyao WANG MD , Weimin SHE MM ,

Frontiers of Medicine 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 271-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0054-1

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels during the course and the progression to cirrhosis with chronic hepatitis B. A total of 239 chronic hepatitis B patients confirmed by liver biopsy between 2001 and 2007 were followed up for a median of 28 months. Compared with the patients without cirrhosis, the patients progressed to cirrhosis were older and with higher HBV-DNA levels at end point. However, there was no significant difference in cirrhosis progression between different HBV-DNA groups at baseline ( = 0.531). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher HBV-DNA level at endpoint had increasing risk of cirrhosis ( = 0.019). The results of Cox model indicated that HBV-DNA levels at endpoint, stage of fibrosis, negative hepatitis B e antigen, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase at baseline were independent risk factors of cirrhosis. The relative risk ratios were 1.898, 1.918, 8.976, and 1.006, respectively. Progression to cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients is correlated with HBV-DNA levels during follow-up.

Keywords： hepatitis B     chronic     viral load     liver cirrhosis    

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Transgenic technologies in cassava for nutritional improvement and viral disease resistance: a key strategy

Maliwan NACONSIE,Peng ZHANG

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 285-294 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016119

Abstract: Also, two viral diseases, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), causeGenetic engineering provides promising approaches to improve nutritional value and increase resistance to viralprotein content by overexpression of nutritious storage proteins and improving cassava resistance to viral

Keywords： Manihot esculenta     protein enhancement     RNA interference     transgenesis     virus resistance    

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Development of small-molecule viral inhibitors targeting various stages of the life cycle of emerging

Xiaohuan Wang, Peng Zou, Fan Wu, Lu Lu, Shibo Jiang

Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 449-461 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0589-5

Abstract: In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest progress in the development of small-molecule viralThese viruses can interfere with the specific steps of viral life cycle by blocking the binding betweenvirus and host cells, disrupting viral endocytosis, disturbing membrane fusion, and interrupting viralWe also discuss some general strategies for developing small-molecule viral inhibitors.

Keywords： emerging and re-emerging viruses     small-molecule inhibitor     coronavirus     Ebola virus     Zika virus     life cycle    

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Genome editing for the treatment of tumorigenic viral infections and virus-related carcinomas

Lan Yu, Xun Tian, Chun Gao, Ping Wu, Liming Wang, Bei Feng, Xiaomin Li, Hui Wang, Ding Ma, Zheng Hu

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 5,   Pages 497-508 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0572-1

Abstract:

Viral infections cause at least 10%–15% of all human carcinomas.Over the last century, the elucidation of viral oncogenic roles in many cancer types has provided fundamentalMeanwhile, rapidly evolving genome-editing techniques targeting viral DNA/RNA have emerged as novel therapeutic

Keywords： genome-editing tools     tumorigenic virus     delivery method     off-target effect     virus-related carcinoma    

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Importance of Viral Disease in Dairy Cow Fertility Review

D. Claire Wathes, Chike F. Oguejiofor, Carole Thomas, Zhangrui Cheng

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 26-33 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.020

Abstract:

Many viral diseases are endemic in cattle populations worldwide.There is also significant evidence that viral infections have additional actions in dairy cows, whichAcute infection with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in mid-gestation increases abortion

Keywords： Bovine viral diarrhea virus     Bovine herpesvirus-1     Bovine herpesvirus-4     Schmallenberg virus     Bluetongue    

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The first avian influenza A (H7N9) viral infection in humans in Zhejiang Province, China: a death report

Enfu Chen, Fenjuan Wang, Huakun Lv, Yanjun Zhang, Hua Ding, Shelan Liu, Jian Cai, Li Xie, Xiaoping Xu, Chengliang Chai, Haiyan Mao, Jimin Sun, Junfen Lin, Zhao Yu, Lianhong Li, Zhiping Chen, Shichang Xia

Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 333-344 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0275-1

Abstract:

This study reports the first death caused by a novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Zhejiang Province, China. The patient had chronic hepatitis B and history of exposure to poultry. The patient initially complained of diarrhea and influenza-like symptoms on March 7 and 14 respectively. The disease progressed to severe pneumonia, sustained hypoxia, and coagulation abnormalities. The patient died on March 27 because of respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation without oseltamivir treatment. This H7N9 virus from Zhejiang is highly similar to isolates obtained from Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, etc. Analysis of hemagglutinin, neuramidinase, and matrix genes indicated that the isolates share the same avian origin, have low virulence, and are sensitive to oseltamivir, but are resistant to adamantine. Only the isolate that caused the fatality exhibited substitution of Q226I in the HA gene, which indicates a potentially enhanced human affinity. The secondary transmission rate was 1.6% (2/125). Only two health workers presented with influenza-like symptoms, and they subsequently tested negative for H7N9 RNA. In conclusion, underlying disease, late diagnosis, and untimely antiviral treatment are possible high-risk factors for infections and death caused by the low-pathogenicity avian influenza A (H7N9). Person-to-person transmission of the H7N9 virus was not detected among close contacts, but such transmission should be investigated in the future. Expanding and enhancing surveillance will help in the early discovery and diagnosis of suspected cases, which will reduce the number of severe cases and deaths.

Keywords： avian influenza A (H7N9) virus     epidemiology     contacts     person-to-person transmission    

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A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections

Frontiers of Medicine doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1011-0

Abstract: Paxlovid therapy tended toward early viral clearance and low viral load on Day 8.

Keywords： Paxlovid     hemodialysis     SARS-CoV-2     viral load     chest CT scan    

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Comprehensive treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure in a patient with hepatitis B: a case report

Lei Li,Yimei Liu,Tiancheng Luo,Jian Zhou,Yingyong Hou,Xizhong Shen,Jiyao Wang

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 250-253 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0333-3

Abstract:

The clinical data of a patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure were analyzed retrospectively. The patient has suffered from hepatitis B for 30 years. His liver function deteriorated, yielding Child-Pugh grade C and reaching a model for end-stage liver disease score of 33 points within a short period; this condition was complicated with highly active variceal bleeding and coagulation system failure (PT > 100 s). The patient also presented hepatocellular carcinoma. Comprehensive treatments included effective inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication and intensive care support. Piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation was performed as the final treatment. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after surgery.

Keywords： acute-on-chronic liver failure     submassive necrosis     viral hepatitis B     esophageal variceal bleeding     liver    

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Strategy for Viral Safety Risk Reassessment with Changes in the Manufacturing Process of Recombinant

Wenbo Sai,Dongchen Jia,Hao Chen,Wei Wei

Engineering 2024, Volume 32, Issue 1,   Pages 15-18 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.003

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Differences in Immunoglobulin G Glycosylation Between Influenza and COVID-19 Patients Article

Marina Kljaković-Gašpić Batinjan, Tea Petrović, Frano Vučković, Irzal Hadžibegović, Barbara Radovani, Ivana Jurin, Lovorka Đerek, Eva Huljev, Alemka Markotić, Ivica Lukšić, Irena Trbojević-Akmačić, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj, Rok Čivljak

Engineering 2023, Volume 26, Issue 7,   Pages 54-62 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.007

Abstract:

The essential role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in immune system regulation and combatting infectious diseases cannot be fully recognized without an understanding of the changes in its N-glycans attached to the asparagine 297 of the Fc domain that occur under such circumstances. These glycans impact the antibody stability, half-life, secretion, immunogenicity, and effector functions. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed and compared the total IgG glycome—at the level of individual glycan structures and derived glycosylation traits (sialylation, galactosylation, fucosylation, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc))—of 64 patients with influenza, 77 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and 56 healthy controls. Our study revealed a significant decrease in IgG galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting GlcNAc (where the latter shows the most significant decrease) in deceased COVID-19 patients, whereas IgG fucosylation was increased. On the other hand, IgG galactosylation remained stable in influenza patients and COVID-19 survivors. IgG glycosylation in influenza patients was more time-dependent: In the first seven days of the disease, sialylation increased and fucosylation and bisecting GlcNAc decreased; in the next 21 days, sialylation decreased and fucosylation increased (while bisecting GlcNAc remained stable). The similarity of IgG glycosylation changes in COVID-19 survivors and influenza patients may be the consequence of an adequate immune response to enveloped viruses, while the observed changes in deceased COVID-19 patients may indicate its deviation.

Keywords： Influenza     COVID-19     Viral infection     Glycosylation     Immunoglobulin G     Pneumonia    

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Smartphone-Imaged HIV-1 Reverse-Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) on a Chip from Whole Blood Article

Gregory L. Damhorst,Carlos Duarte-Guevara,Weili Chen,Tanmay Ghonge,Brian T. Cunningham,Rashid Bashir

Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 324-335 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015072

Abstract:

Viral load measurements are an essential tool for the long-term clinical care of human immunodeficiencyThe gold standards in viral load instrumentation, however, are still too limited by their size, cost,The challenge of developing a point-of-care platform capable of making viral load more accessible hascontains greater power in a digital RT-LAMP approach that could be scaled up for the determination of viralWe demonstrate that all aspects of this viral load approach, from a drop of blood to imaging the RT-LAMP

Keywords： human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)     viral load     loop-mediated isothermal amplification     smartphone     point-of-care    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

A brief review of microRNA and its role in PRRSV infection and replication

Xuekun GUO,Wenhai FENG

Journal Article

Understanding channel tropism in traditional Chinese medicine in the context of systems biology

Ping Liu, Songlin Liu, Gang Chen, Ping Wang

Journal Article

Innate immune responses in RNA viral infection

Qian Xu, Yuting Tang, Gang Huang

Journal Article

Analysis of antibiotic usage for viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Chang Dou, Fei Zhou, Bin Cao, Xingwang Li

Journal Article

Correlation between viral load and liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B patients

Lili LIU MM , Jiyao WANG MD , Weimin SHE MM ,

Journal Article

Transgenic technologies in cassava for nutritional improvement and viral disease resistance: a key strategy

Maliwan NACONSIE,Peng ZHANG

Journal Article

Development of small-molecule viral inhibitors targeting various stages of the life cycle of emerging

Xiaohuan Wang, Peng Zou, Fan Wu, Lu Lu, Shibo Jiang

Journal Article

Genome editing for the treatment of tumorigenic viral infections and virus-related carcinomas

Lan Yu, Xun Tian, Chun Gao, Ping Wu, Liming Wang, Bei Feng, Xiaomin Li, Hui Wang, Ding Ma, Zheng Hu

Journal Article

Importance of Viral Disease in Dairy Cow Fertility

D. Claire Wathes, Chike F. Oguejiofor, Carole Thomas, Zhangrui Cheng

Journal Article

The first avian influenza A (H7N9) viral infection in humans in Zhejiang Province, China: a death report

Enfu Chen, Fenjuan Wang, Huakun Lv, Yanjun Zhang, Hua Ding, Shelan Liu, Jian Cai, Li Xie, Xiaoping Xu, Chengliang Chai, Haiyan Mao, Jimin Sun, Junfen Lin, Zhao Yu, Lianhong Li, Zhiping Chen, Shichang Xia

Journal Article

A pilot study on Paxlovid therapy for hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections

Journal Article

Comprehensive treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure in a patient with hepatitis B: a case report

Lei Li,Yimei Liu,Tiancheng Luo,Jian Zhou,Yingyong Hou,Xizhong Shen,Jiyao Wang

Journal Article

Strategy for Viral Safety Risk Reassessment with Changes in the Manufacturing Process of Recombinant

Wenbo Sai,Dongchen Jia,Hao Chen,Wei Wei

Journal Article

Differences in Immunoglobulin G Glycosylation Between Influenza and COVID-19 Patients

Marina Kljaković-Gašpić Batinjan, Tea Petrović, Frano Vučković, Irzal Hadžibegović, Barbara Radovani, Ivana Jurin, Lovorka Đerek, Eva Huljev, Alemka Markotić, Ivica Lukšić, Irena Trbojević-Akmačić, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj, Rok Čivljak

Journal Article

Smartphone-Imaged HIV-1 Reverse-Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) on a Chip from Whole Blood

Gregory L. Damhorst,Carlos Duarte-Guevara,Weili Chen,Tanmay Ghonge,Brian T. Cunningham,Rashid Bashir

Journal Article